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Skidmap Malware Uses Rootkit to Hide Mining Payload - Trend Micro This is because strlen(hide_pid) will be 0, so the call to memcmp() will always return true. upon running the ps command, it shows the following. A common misconception about rootkit is that they provide root access to the malicious user. It maybe a false-positive or something really bad is going on. Site design / logo 2022 Stack Exchange Inc; user contributions licensed under CC BY-SA. If this confirms that you have been compromised then your only realistic action is to make a copy of the compromised server to analyse later then reinstall from scratch and recover using known good backups. Excessive number of hidden processes. We will focus on the 64-bit version, sys_getdents64, for now. Hiding Processes - LINUX task_array PID Process 0 Site design / logo 2022 Stack Exchange Inc; user contributions licensed under CC BY-SA. I have the source code of Kbeast rootkit. I'm trying to learn how rootkit works (for educational purposes). Stack Overflow for Teams is moving to its own domain! Support for more than one PID is left for you to try. Now the file of interest in the entire rootkit is /lib/libcurl.so.2.17..This file being referenced in /etc/ld.so.preload means that it is the one that is intercepting system calls to do the grunt work of the rootkit to hide. Most rootkits/malware use the power of the kernel to hide, they are only visible from within the kernel. This process involved accessing the system over Telnet, and modifying/creating files ipv6.o, init and rpc.status. Let's look in /proc/1431 to obtain more information about the . Linux Stealth Rootkit Process Decloaking Tool sandfly-processdecloak, 4 Ash Street Christchurch, New Zealand 8011. I and just installed OSSEC and it is telling this. I've a working code that looks like original Kbeast code. According . Roughly speaking, directory listing is handled by the syscall sys_getdents64 and its 32-bit counterpart sys_getdents (well want to hook both, but they are identical except for a small addition in the 32-bit version). How to find hidden processes and ports on Linux/Unix/Windows Our objective is to hide our reverse shell connection process on the target Linux system in order to avoid detection. lkm rootkit - lkog.xtremeparts.de The big difference here is that we cant simply overwrite the entire buffer with 0x00, but instead we have to look at this buffer as the struct it really is and loop through its members. Steps: -. To do this, well use memmove(), but we also have to remember to decrease ret by d_reclen too so that we dont run over the end of the buffer as we loop through the rest. as for procfs, addtional check is needed, everthing under our hidden /proc/PID should be hidden too. So, if we hide directories with the name of the PID we want to keep secret, then these userspace tools wont notice that the process is there! I did the following, to put the process name (the process that I'm trying to hide) into the buf, then use copy_from_user() to copy it into the kernel space. Linux Stealth Rootkit Malware with EDR Evasion PIDs are very unpredictable, so we dont want to hardcode one into our rootkit. When the migration is complete, you will access your Teams at stackoverflowteams.com, and they will no longer appear in the left sidebar on stackoverflow.com. Asking for help, clarification, or responding to other answers. The trick that we are going to use is to increment the d_reclen field of the entry before the one we want to hide by the d_reclen value of the boogaloo entry. Making statements based on opinion; back them up with references or personal experience. 2022 Sandfly Security, Ltd. Is it OK to check indirectly in a Bash if statement for exit codes if they are multiple? Stack Overflow for Teams is moving to its own domain! Does activating the pump in a vacuum chamber produce movement of the air inside? rev2022.11.4.43008. Is my understanding is correct? Process '2517' hidden from /proc. We begin by checking the Linux Syscall Reference for sys_getdents. Linux kernel rootkit to hide certain files and processes. Very lightweight and will not hook into the kernel or cause system instability. The only gotcha is what to do when there is no previous entry, i.e. The best way to know whether your server has been "rooted" is to be running a host-based intrusion detection system (HIDS). To do this, we need yet another linux_dirent64 struct, which we'll call previous_dir, and update it as we loop through everything. To begin with, current_dir will just be the first struct in memory, and we can memcmp current_dir->d_name with our prefix (defined above as boogaloo). The rough outline of our hook will look like this: Hopefully by this point, the above skeleton makes perfect sense. To make it harder to spot a cryptominer process that is utilizing all of the CPU, a new variant has been discovered for Linux that attempts to hide its presence by utilizing a rootkit. To subscribe to this RSS feed, copy and paste this URL into your RSS reader. Hope you enjoyed this one - its a little shorter than usual but thats only because there isnt much new here, just a clever combination of techniques weve already covered. Adore-Ng is a relatively old, open-source, well-known kernel rootkit for Linux, which initially targeted kernel 2.x but is currently updated to target kernel 3.x. How do I simplify/combine these two methods for finding the smallest and largest int in an array? I have a python script (myscript.py) that I am running on the linux server like below: python myscript.py. Does the Fog Cloud spell work in conjunction with the Blind Fighting fighting style the way I think it does? You can use unhide or tool such as rkhunter to scan for rootkits, backdoors, and possible local exploits. @perplex I meant the other way; I think your kernel is too recent; you might need an older one for kbeast. Linux Rootkits Part 7: Hiding Processes :: TheXcellerator Linux Threat Hunting: 'Syslogk' a kernel rootkit found under Because we are an agentless product, we are able to get onto a large number of Linux hosts to investigate them for LKM rootkits without any system impacts or risks to system stability. Our hooks will call the real syscalls as normal, and then we will repeat the technique from Part 5, making use of copy_from_user() and copy_to_user() to alter the buffer that is returned to userspace. It was reasonable to assume initially those executables were modified in some way to hide information, but this possibility was ruled out by comparing them with versions known to be . The Linux Rootkit, outlined in Malware: . In what follows, only the new parts are commented. to get a file descriptor (3), # Check the directory pointed to by file descriptor 3 exists, # Call getdents64 syscall with the file descriptor and a pointer to userspace, /* Pull the userspace dirent struct out of pt_regs */, /* Declare our kernel version of the buffer that we'll copy into */, /* Call the real getdents64, and allocate ourselves a kernel buffer */, /* Check that neither of the above failed */, /* Copy from the userspace buffer dirent, to our kernel buffer dirent_ker */, /* Copy dirent_ker back to userspace dirent */, /* Declare current_dir pointer and the offset variable */, * Note that we have to cast dirent_ker to (void *) so that we can add, /* Compare the first bytes of current_dir->d_name to PREFIX */, /* Increment offset by current_dir->d_reclen so that we iterate over, /* Declare the previous_dir struct for book-keeping */, /* Check for the special case when we need to hide the first entry */, /* Decrement ret and shift all the structs up in memory */, /* Hide the secret entry by incrementing d_reclen of previous_dir by, * that of the entry we want to hide - effectively "swallowing" it, /* Set previous_dir to current_dir before looping where current_dir, Privileged Container Escapes with Kernel Modules, Linux Rootkits Part 5: Hiding Kernel Modules from Userspace, Linux Rootkits Part 6: Hiding Directories. As usual, lets try to understand that underlying kernel functionality that we are hoping to influence before writing anything. To do this, we need yet another linux_dirent64 struct, which well call previous_dir, and update it as we loop through everything. * hide_pid will store the string representation of the PID we're hiding, * Declaration for the real sys_kill() function, * Pull out the arguments we need from the pt_regs struct, * If the signal is 64, then print a message to the kernel buffer and, * Otherwise, just return the real sys_kill, /* Hide the directory with name in hide_pid */, Privileged Container Escapes with Kernel Modules. Not affected by LD_PRELOAD style rootkits or tampered shared libraries on suspect hosts. We can see sys_getdents64 being called with all its arguments and that its written 600 bytes into the buffer we provided. I think I saw 2.16; uname -r on my machine shows:4.15.0-74-generic. I prefer women who cook good food, who speak three languages, and who go mountain hiking - what if it is a woman who only has one of the attributes? How can we create psychedelic experiences for healthy people without drugs? It contains nothing, therefore it never works. Linux rootkit to hide a PROCESS - YouTube 6. How can I safely create a nested directory? This might seem like a simple technique to pull off, but its only because were repurposing two different syscall hooks that weve already covered: sys_kill() in Part 3 and sys_getdents()/sys_getdents64() in Part 6. sandfly-processdecloak is a utility to quickly scan for Linux Process IDs (PIDs) that are hidden by common and not-so-common loadable kernel module stealth rootkits and decloak them so they are visible. Spanish - How to write lm instead of lim? If you see it only once, it could be that there was a delay between when OSSEC got the info from ps (say) and then it checked it against /proc. Please report false positives to us if you find them. This hides process from all other commands such as ps, top, htop . Rear wheel with wheel nut very hard to unscrew. security - How to detect a hidden process in linux? - Server Fault In my script I am using the system call, example below: os.system ("./myprogram.pl -x 5 > results.out") When I run myscript.py on the server whenever there is os.system call, the command call is visible on the server. If the letter V occurs in a few native words, why isn't it included in the Irish Alphabet? Okay, enough talk! Its my live server and i host around 20 sites on it. In their hopes to move away from 32-bit systems, the kernel developers removed the definition of linux_dirent (note the absense of 64) from the kernel headers. Instead, rootkits actually depend on that attacker/malicious user already has already exploited the target and gained root . 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