8th . Some of that money from conquering people and from trade went into building new irrigation systems and new canals that helped farmers get more out of their land. The early Islamic empire expanded using three methods. Islam entered Burma from India through Muslim traders. The Rise of The Islamic Civilization. Within the century of the establishment of Islam upon the Arabian Peninsula and the subsequent rapid expansion during the early Muslim conquests, one of the most significant empires in world history was formed. In Document A: I noticed a few key words that really stood out, "In this battle 24,000 Muslims took part, 70,000 Greeks were put to death." This shows that the Muslim empire was growing stronger and more vital to the survival of their empire as well as expansion. 24,000 Muslims took part and 70,000 Greeks were put to death. _____ Tying it all together: Write a thesis statement based on the following prompt: Explain the causes of the expansion of the Islamic Empire between the 7th and 8th century. The Islamic Empire was great for farmers. The Islamic empire continued after the death of Muhammad. Completed in 1908, it permitted thousands of Muslims to make the . From being a small religious sect in the Middle East, Islam has for centuries grown into one of the world's major religions with close to 1.8 billion adherents worldwide. Qaryat Ohat Kahl (al-Fw0 San'aa. If there's a Muslim ruling class, and if you want to be associated with that ruling class, that might be a worldly motivation in order to actually convert. Expansion of Early Islamic Empires Objective: I can analyze three different documents to explain how early Islamic caliphates expanded. Make sure to include evidence from at least two different documents. See this event in other timelines: 7th century. How did the early Islamic empire expand? These methods included military conquest, political means, and financial incentives. The Islamic world sat in the middle of Afro-Eurasia's great civilizations and along major global trade routes. Intro: The Golden Age. Thesis Tip: Use the bull's eye to dissect the prompt: . The Islamic empire continued after the death of Muhammad. Campaigns against the Byzantine and Sassanid (Persian) Empires were initiated which pitted this new religion of Islam, with its desert Arabian warriors against the established and ancient empires centered in Constantinople and Ctesiphon. At its greatest extent, the Ottoman Empire covered an enormous territory, including Anatolia, the Balkan region in Europe, most of the Arabic-speaking Middle East, and all of North Africa except for Morocco. The Scientific Method, and the Advancement of Medicine. The Islamic world's early success resulted from Islamic leader's support for learning and education. The early Byzantine Empire had a culture that was Greco-Roman. The Ulama, the True Guardians of Civilization. (Corroboration): How is the account of Muslim expansion in Document C different from the accounts in Document A and Document B? For example, some argue that the Muslims changed Spain's language, religion, and society. Khalid ibn al-Walid (c. 590-642) was the primary Arab general during the first phase of the Arab conquests in the seventh century. The armies of Islam quickly and easily conquered the Arabian peninsula before moving on to take the homelands of their various neighbours. According to the document A: battle of Yarmuck, the battle was fierce and bloody. Islamic Expansion Document Activity. After Muhammad's death, Islamic Empire expanded from Arabian Peninsula to the Atlantic Ocean in the West and to the Indian Ocean in the East A) The Expansion Of Islam (632-846) 632 (Muhammad's death: Arabian Peninsula had converted to Islam, iniciating a milirary expansion) 7th century: expansion by Byzantine territories (Syria, Egypt) and Persian Empire. The confusion arises when writers and historians interpret the expansion of the Muslim/Arab Empire as the expansion of Islam, the religion. How did the early Islamic empire expand? Slide5: Expansion of the Early Caliphates. Building the railway was undertaken in 1900 by Sultan Abdul-Hamid, as a pan-Islamic project. At this time the capital, Crdoba, was the largest and most sophisticated . The 8th to the 14th century is known as the Islamic golden age of arts and sciences. How did the early Islamic empire expand? A marginal Muslim, Sundiata expanded the empire, increased production from the alluvial gold fields, developed the military, and claimed to be a liaison with the spirit world. Abu Bakr, who ruled from 632 to 634, secured the entirety of the Peninsula and extended into present-day southern Iraq, Kuwait, Syria, Jordan, and Palestine. (Close Reading) List 3 reasons why this battle was the . The Muslims gathered together, and the Greek army marched against them. After about 1683, when the last Ottoman campaign against Vienna failed, the great empires for which this period is so famous began to shrink and weaken, just as western Europeans first began to show their potential . While Europe was languishing in the dark ages, the Middle East was experiencing a time of economic prosperity and scientific advancement. Trade and commerce played an important role in the early Islamic world. In just 70 years they had subdued the whole of North Africa . After the life of Prophet Muhammad (Peace Be Upon Him), Islamic expansion truly began in the early 630s, AD. Islam had not entered the Malay Archipelago until the 14th century when the northern coast Sumatra was occupied and Java became a Muslim mission field. What strategies were used by Muslims to spread Islam? There's also worldly motives. Empires. Contacts between China and the Hellenistic world were likely made at this time, with Alexander having established the city of Alexandria Eschate (or Alexander the Farthest) that became an important trading city on the emerging Silk Road. What is its purpose? The early Middle Ages is the period from the fifth century to the ninth century. Why do you think he wrote this document? The Islamic religion expanded throughout much of Asia, North Africa and into Europe fairly rapidly. A little more than a hundred years after his death, the Umayyad Caliphate stretched across the Middle East, North Africa, and Spain, becoming the largest empire ever up to that point. Vocabulary 1. According to this . Main Idea 1: Muslim armies conquered many lands into which Islam slowly spread. This account, written by Muslim historian Ahmad al-Biladuri in the 800s CE, describes the battle. Large trade networks spanned much of the globe including faraway places like China, Africa, and Europe. How did the early Islamic empire expand? The Incident that brought an end to the Islamic Golden Age. Islam had not entered the Malay Archipelago until the 14th century when the northern coast Sumatra was occupied and Java became a Muslim mission field. After you have completed these steps, answer the Final Claim. For the subjects of the empire, formerly of the Byzantine and Sasanian Empires, not much changed in practice. HOW DID ISLAM EXPAND? In the early days of the Ottoman Empire, the main goal of its leaders was expansion. The early rise of Islam (632-700) The Muslim community spread through the Middle East through conquest, and the resulting growth of the Muslim state provided the ground in which the recently. Central Historical Question . In 711 the armies of Islam conquered the Iberian Peninsula, which now became the westernmost outpost of the Islamic empire. 4. First, the Islamic empire expanded through military force. (7.1.2 - Describethe spread of major religions.) Greco-Roman culture is a blending of traditions that are both ancient Greek and Roman. The early Islamic Empire expanded due to the first prophet, Muhammad, being a very strong leader and expanding the empire a greatly before he died, and then his successors followed that ruling and expanded even more. The objective of the . Starting in the Arabian Peninsula, expansion really started after the death of Muhammad in 632. Most of the Peninsula remained under Islamic rule until the early 13th century. List 3 reasons why this battle was the "fiercest and bloodiest kind." Hypothesis #2: How did the early Islamic empire expand? Why do you think he wrote this document? B: The Treaty of . During the reign of Bakr, the emerging Arab-Islamic Empire used jihads, or holy wars, to expand their lands and their influence. These methods included military conquest, political means, and financial incentives. From there, the religion spread eastwards to the Mali Empire (1240-1645 CE) and the Songhai Empire (c. 1460 - c. 1591 CE). The Middle East at the time was ruled by the Byzantine Empire and the Sassanid Persians, who had exhausted each other fighting a series of devastating wars that left them with no real capacity for defense when the united Arab Muslims arrived in force. The sacrifice. The early Islamic Empire expanded because of how they treated people and followers of a different religion, as well as how becoming a Muslim or respecting their religion [Islam] gave you benefit. Now the other thing that we do know about these early Muslim empires, and many of the Muslim empires, is they did have this notion of dhimmi status. According to the Sunni Muslims, the Rashidun caliphs were chosen by Muhammad's followers and all four were legitimate caliphs. Ottoman Empire, empire created by Turkish tribes in Anatolia (Asia Minor) that grew to be one of the most powerful states in the world during the 15th and 16th centuries. For those fourteen or so centuries, the Islamic Empire was a force to be reckoned with in science, arts and culture as it covered a significant portion of the earth's surface. To Shiite Muslims, on the other hand, the first three were usurpers since they were not . Great advances were made in many areas of science, mathematics, and medicine. The Arabs defeat a Persian army at Kadisiya and then sack the city of Ctesiphon, effectively bringing to an end the Sassanian dynasty. Their empire was centered in present-day Turkey, and extended its influence into southeastern Europe as well as the Middle East.Europe was only temporarily able to resist their advance: the turning point came at the Battle of Varna in 1444 when a European coalition army failed to stop the Turkish advance. How the Early Islamic Empire Expanded. During the reign of Bakr, the emerging Arab-Islamic Empire used jihads, or holy wars, to expand their lands and their influence. In document A it states "by Allah's help, some 70,000 of them (the Greeks) were put to death" infuring that they had killed off the Greeks army and they had won the war. After examining the map on Islamic expansion make a hypothesis for the following question: How did the early Islamic empire expand? In the late 1400's AD, Portuguese explorers figured out how to sail around Africa . Exhaustion of the Opposing Byzantine Empire and Sassanid Empire as a Factor for Early Muslim Conquest. How did the early Islamic empire expand? Its early period coincided with the dark ages of Europe, allowing the Islamic Caliphate to expand into places all the way in mainland Europe and the Indian subcontinent. This powerful Meccan clan was set up after the death of Ali. It is undeniable that the Muslim/Arab Empire spread by military force all over the Middle East; but this did not automatically translate into the spread of Islam as a religion. The great golden age of Islamic Spain was the 10th century, during the heyday of the Umayyad caliphate (756-1031). The Byzantines enjoyed public baths, swimming pools, and chariot racing, much as the ancient Romans did. THE EXPANDING OF THE MUSLIM EMPIRE Umayyads, were the members of the Sunni dynasty of caliphs that ruled a Muslim empire from 661 to 750. Islam spread quickly because the Islamic state was initially able to expand very quickly. The Umayads were the first Muslim dynasty that is, they were the first rulers of the Islamic Empire to pass down power within their family. The first caliphs of the Islamic World were the Rashidun, or "rightly guided," caliphs and they controlled a vast empire. It was an empire inspired and sustained by Islam, and Islamic institutions. The Islamic empire began to expand beyond the Arabian Peninsula after the death of the prophet and founder of Islam, Mohammed, in 632 CE. Even today, Muslim and Christians are competing for the conquest of the remaining pagan tribes in these islands. MAGHReg Islamic world under Territcry addd by caiphg, 661-750 campaigns AFGHANISTAN BALUCHISTAN EGYP$ N The Spread Of The . As of the 1510s the empire had possession of Sunni Islam's three holiest shrine citiesMecca, Medina, and Jerusalem. The Spread of Islam. Islam was also spread through military conquest. Golden Age of Islam The early part of the Abbasid rule was a time of peace and prosperity. Not an Early Convert Like most Meccans, Khalid initially opposed the teachings of Muhammad. How the Early Islamic Empire Expanded. Who did Allah sacrifice his son? After Muhammad ' s death, Abu Bakr became the first caliph , the title that Muslims use for the highest leader of Islam. When Muslims entered the holy city of Christianity, Jerusalem in 638 CE, the Christian patriarch leader Sophronius describes the muslim as "godless Muslims that entered the holy . 3. The government he had set up was altered to provide for a governmental and religious leader that . 2. Arab Muslim forces conquered vast territories and built imperial structures over time. Dhimmi is . The Spread of Islam. Expansion Packet. The Ottoman Empire was the one of the largest and longest lasting Empires in history. Step 2-4: Use the documents below complete steps 2-4. How Islam Quickly Spread. In particular, you will be hypothesizing about what strategies Muslims used to expand. That was then, this is now. Islam spread through military conquest, trade, pilgrimage, and missionaries. The culture flourished as Arabic art and architecture reached new heights. By the time of the Prophet Muhammad's death (A.D. 632), the Arabian Peninsula, and thus the entire opposite shore of the Red Sea, had come under the influence of the new religion. Even today, Muslim and Christians are competing for the conquest of the remaining pagan tribes in these islands. In this section, we cover the Islamic Empire from the start of Islam (610 CE) to the fall of the Ottoman Empire (1924). West Asia. 6 Expansion of the Early Caliphates . First, the Islamic empire expanded through military force. Spain was conquered by the Muslims in the 9th century, and it is commonly held that they transformed Spanish society. Bosa Duma Yattrib Al-Khatt BknuDha. 24,000 Muslims took part and 70,000 Greeks were put to death. By around the middle of the 7th century, they ruled over much of . In Document B, the Muslim forces could of abused the power they had over Theodemir and his followers. It replaced the Byzantine Empire . A 4,000 army were sent into Egypt by the muslims Khalifa Omar under the commander Amr Ibn Al-Aas in 639, another 5,000 army joined in 640 and conquered the Byzantine army at Heliopolis battle.then Amr continued to Alexandria then, the Byzantine army surrendered to him by a treaty signed in Nov.941. Society. Arab Muslim forces conquered vast territories and built imperial structures over time. This article will discuss how there was much continuity with the past in Spain in the early centuries of Islamic rule and that, at least . Money is important for any economy . Step 3: Document . According to the document A: battle of Yarmuck, the battle was fierce and bloody. At its height the empire . Islam spread through military conquest, trade, pilgrimage, and missionaries. The early Islamic empire expanded using three methods. Umayyad directed a conquest that would extended from Spain and Morocco all the way to the Indus River Valley. Ethiopia and the Early Islamic Period. Hypothesis #4: How did the Islamic Empire expand? For example, Greek was the language of everyday use, but Latin was the official language of the government. Muslim forces took control of Syria in 636 CE when they fought the Eastern Roman Empire (which included Greece) at the Battle of Yarmuk. Expansion, The expansion of Islam historically embraces two phenomena. Not only did the new Islamic community, or umma, continue, but within the next 200 years, Islam spread throughout much of the region. The vast and sweeping Islamic Empire was created during the 7th and 8th centuries CE, reaching a unity . The Early Islamic World was a period of rapid expansion for both the Islamic Empire and the religion of Islam. Most of the significant expansion occurred during the reign of the Rashidun from 632 to 661 CE, which was the reign of the first four successors of Muhammad. The spread of Islam was half due to the fact that they showed a tolerance for conquered people but also because Muslims were constantly trying to expand their empire. The rise of Islam in the Arabian Peninsula had a significant impact on Aksum during the seventh and eighth centuries. Name: _____ Period: _____ Document A: Battle of Yarmuk 1. Time Period: 500 CE - 1300 CE Expansion of the Early Islamic Empire Muhammad lived from 570-632 CE. Early Islamic Period. In Column 1 (2) the sample includes ethnic groups within (outside) the Muslim empires as classified by Iyigun (2010). The Destruction of Baghdad, and the Bastardization of the Ulama. Islamic leaders conquered Iran in 641 and in 642, Egypt was under Islamic control. With the expansion of Alexander the Great's empire to India and Central Asia, the Greeks became more aware of the East's riches. 622-632 - Islamic Empire under Mohammad. 5 Expansion of the Early Caliphates . The epidemic plague significantly contributed to the weakening of the Eastern Roman Empire, and the rapid decline of the Persian Empire, while during the early expansion phases of Islam, it indirectly favoured the nomadic Arab tribes which, moving on desert or semi-desert territories, succeeded in escaping the contagion more easily. Pass out the Graphic Organizer. Make sure to: Include evidence from at least two different documents; Elaborate/explain your evidence; Cite the document in parenthesis (Document #) or at the beginning of the sentence . The Islamic Empires, more specifically the Umayyads (661-750 CE) and the Abbasids (750-1258 CE), used Islam to control and grow its empire. Marching out of Arabia in 639 they entered non-Arab Egypt; 43 years later they reached the shores of the Atlantic; and in 711 they invaded Spain. The reason for this remains to be seen, but many historians have generally attributed this to several factors that shaped the religion's . How did the early Islamic empire expand? Point out the extent of the empire as it grew during the 7th and 8th centuries. The early Islamic Empire expanded because of how they treated people and followers of a different religion, as well as how becoming a Muslim or respecting their religion gave you benefit. Schools of higher education and libraries were built throughout the empire. How Islam Expanded The early Islamic empire expanded in several different ways, such as winning wars, signing peace treaties with enemies, and giving gifts to soldiers and nobles.