For example some of the young female singers are celebrating single motherhood and that was taboo in our culture. But as I struggled to imitate, the old ladies would come to stand behind me, holding my thighs to make sure only my waist would be free to move. Hopefully politician types get stuck in quick sand along the way. Female initiation rites are linked to gender relations. No different as going to physical education and learning how to warm, flex and practice movement combinations, in order to perform better on the field, to be a better and valuable team player. The female initiation ceremony is called 'Chisungu'. As a result of all this, the societies in Zambia have experienced a decline in morals, conduct, dress code, respect and behavior in the young women. This is why we offer the book . She said that initiation ceremonies play a significant role in raising responsible young men and women. AllAfrica publishes around 600 reports a day from more than 100 news organizations and over 500 other institutions and individuals, representing a diversity of positions on every topic. The ceremony is conducted by the NaChibusa. reference to girls initiation ceremonies (Chinamwali ceremony among Chewa people in Eastern Province and Copyright 2022 IPS-Inter Press Service. Birth, marriage and death are typically marked by special ceremonies. For most traditions in Zambia, this meant when a girl came of age which usually happened during her adolescent years, she would be handed over to a traditional counselor in order to be initiated into womanhood. INITIATION CEREMONIES WILL BRING BACK MORAL VALUES - WOMEN Posted on 25 February 2016. IPS is an international communication institution with a global news agency at its core, I support this as our culture is being assaulted by Western Influence. The so called INITIATION ceremonies only cause the girls to become prostitutes!!!!!!!!!!!!! An interesting element of Bemba culture is their marriage ceremonies and structure. This means absolute lack of confidence and inferiority complex among African (men alike). Following the initiation ceremony, the initiates are taken to a secluded place away from their homes, where they spend at least eight days recovering. Inculcating respect for elders pays an important role in the initiation process. The study found that these practices Ndagala/ Tsimba: This is an initiation camp, usually away from the village Ngaliba: Yao boys' initiation counsellor. The Importance of Respect. It is common for initiates, including Bantwane boys, to cast their eyes down as a mark of deference. Except for ones like female genital mutilation. Powered by WordPress. Girls' initiation ceremonies are an important aspect of the Zambian culture and traditions, and culture and traditions are powerful symbols of human identity. To complete the process, please follow the instructions in the email we just sent you. Or for more information about becoming a subscriber, you can read our subscription and contribution overview, You can also freely access - without a subscription - hundreds of today's top Africa stories and thousands of recent news articles from our home page , Already a subscriber? Zambia) Christine Phiri Mushibwe 2014-02-01 Cultural traditions do adversely affect the education of many people in the world. Initiation ceremonies generally take place when a girl reaches the age of twelve to fifteen years old. They talk to their children in their own languages, dress and eat their own foods even teach other races to adopt their way of life. During the ceremony, female Alangizi, or initiators,traditionallyteach sex skills to girls as young as 12. Copyright 2022 IPS-Inter Press Service. Inter Press Service. You can subscribe by visiting our subscription page. In Niamina District, 92 girls were cut as part of their initiation ceremonies in 1996 which fell to 12 girls in 1997. For instance, it has often been noted that whereas males are usually initiated as a group, women's initiation is quite . The girls are not taught how to be promiscuous-No African culture is that stupid otherwise we wouldnt be alive. Not many Zambian tribes practice it, but I know in some parts of northern Eastern province, they did when I was in the area. Would you consider a $20.00 contribution today that will help to keep the IPS news wire active? Leave us to practice our culture and stay with your carbon copy European culture. All rights reserved. In various cultural communities in Zambia, initiation ceremonies for girls are conducted during adolescence. But when I looked around, everybody else seemed quite comfortable. When Africans find that even whites have started doing them, Africans (mostly women), again start doing the same things they forsook. Today we see young men and women misbehaving anyhow, their dressing is indecsent, they are involved in immoral activities on a daily basis and not having initiation ceremonies to teach them how they are supposed to conduct themselves in society is one of the major contributors to the bad behaviour in our young men and women today, Ms Kaluba said. Did you not go through training? is a commonly heard remark from men scolding their wife. In many agrarian communities, she notes, "There's nothing like adolescence. Bridget Banda, who went through this training before she got married three years ago, looks back on it as a very positive experience. On the other hand, men's emphasis in their She feels most Zambian men want a woman who is initiated. They convey a sense of special uniqueness Concerned about the increase in school drop outs among Your contribution will make a huge difference. All rights reserved. They talk to their children in their own languages, dress and eat their own foods even. Before I came here, I would not have believed it was possible for women of different generations to freely share such intimate knowledge on this level. Indians are different. We can ensure that docile obedient requirements to men are altered so girls have self worth. Some of my fellow students and teachers would really get into it, almost as if they were actually in the act. His argument and concern was the erosion of Zambias cultural values. a care giver to her family. etc Of course I grew more and more curious, and when I finally got the opportunity to attend one, I did not have to think twice. Nearly every culture in the world ritualizes the important milestones throughout life. Miss Angela also states that early marriages and teen pregnancies are also as a result of the fading of the ceremony which was once considered important in the Zambian society. Im so amazed. In a village nestled between Limpopo and Mpumalanga, girls as young as seven embark on a six-week secret rite of passage to prepare them for their journey into womanhood. Kalela is performed by both men and women in a circular formation expressing intimate social gestures while songs are sung in call and response. Credit: Jorrit Meulenbeek/INSP. 01:57 O2LT. During the initiation ceremonies as a transition from childhood to adulthood, some aspects of these traditional ceremonies such as sex education given to the . They begin pulling the labia at 9 to 12 years. I support young girls grounded in the home for 3 months after their menstruation starts ( sorry faith earned men), but that tradition was good in teaching girls how to dress, behaviour in feminine way. INITIATION CEREMONIES WILL BRING BACK MORAL VALUES WOMEN, CARELESS WASTE DISPOSAL ALARMS MATERO RESIDENTS, EFFECTIVE KANYAMA CHOLERA RESPONSE CHEERS VICTIMS, Harrington disagrees with possibility of national airline, Treat unemployment as a matter of urgency. Its a pity how women are chewing their own words. The feeling between their ntwenokane is always NYELE YEKA YEKA even when they walk, work, or just sitting the feeling is always there one lousy husband cannot handle all the NYENGALING alone!! practices violate girls privacy rights, including their freedom of expression and movement. All male and female initiation rites involve the adoption of hairstyles and clothing that underline the transitional status of the initiates. They want young men and women to be responsible so FEMALE initiation ceremonies must be revived. Initiation ceremonies are very important not just in the villages but also in urban areas because they stand to benefit a lot of people. Women's initiation in Zambia: learning the art of dancing in bed. By submitting above, you agree to our privacy policy. The Sikenge ceremony is typical to the Western province region of Zambia. Promise: When was this party formed? . So some UPND chap will now come up and promise to deliver initiation ceremonies in all districts IF elected in August . Note: Get EOI for Journal/Conference/ Thesis paper. Girls Initiation Ceremonies in Zambia: Reflections on their Role in Girl Child Educational Advancement. Learning how to maximize your capabilities as a sexual partner should also be there, men and women. As most spiritual practices are created by men for men, women need spiritual practices that speak directly to the womb of women. Growing up in such a traditional background, is there When the boys go out to herd, they find birds eggs, eat found honey, have time to talk and play with other herd boys etc. Most of the posts above wrongly presume that initiation ceremonies are about SEX and SEX only. My husband never likes it when I do this, complained another, after which one of the old ladies would give some more tips and tricks on how to do it better. This doesnt mean you must start having sex with all men. If you are Christians an insult to your God who supposedly made you perfect. The majority of Zambians are Christians with 75.3% of the population adhering to the various Protestant denominations. You have selected an article from the AllAfrica archive, which requires a subscription. No, no, youre doing a Shakira, they said when I would still be shaking too many other parts. In initiation school you are taught sex by adults, responsible adults. The role of initiation ceremonies as channels of sex education is . Some white women are even looking for Zambian women to teach them this because word has gone around that the Zambians can dance. Get the latest in African news delivered straight to your inbox. . A people without culture is a people lost. Emphasis from women was on teaching a girl the culturally expected way of life including behaviours, dress, respect towards elders, attitude, gender roles and mores. initiation ceremony noun. Most men know what to expect of a woman before they get married, Banda explains. Village of Mangongi.~!5kms East of Kaoma. status of women has a negative effect on pregnancy outcomes [9]. Practice of If Traditional. Due to Westernisation . Most Zambians have joking relations with other tribes; the relationships go back many years. Ms. Kaluba said that people were now losing touch with tradition in the name of the so-called civilisation where tradition was ignored. making improvements to the past and present. The so called ceremonies only cause the girls to become prostitutes!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! Please try again later. Kazanga Tribal Ceremony-Kathanga Nkoya Cultural CeremonyJune 30 - July 1, 2008, July 19th, 2009. Women say that modern culture was slowly overshadowing the old ways and destroying traditional culture and values on which the Zambian nation was built. Seriously some young ladies educated Western way are exhibiting a copy cat behaviour of Western females in poor areas. should aspire to achieve the best and reach her full potential in that society. She could hardly be seen hanging around with boys but stay with aunties etc to teach her good behavior. I have grown because of it. Chig'ande is the music of the Tonga of Southern Province, it is performed during a social courtship dance also known as ching'ande. In some cases disappointed husbands even end up sending their wives back to be taught more, one of the worst possible embarrassments for the family. Sociology. No to genital mutilationsjust for clarity. Ms. Mambwe said the behaviour of young people depended on how they have been brought up in their homes and it was not right to conclude that lack of parental training was responsible for their actions. But some women have charged that times have changed and there was no need for young people to undergo ceremonies when they could just be taught for a few hours. Chiradzulu district, Malawi CNN When Grace learned she'd be going to a camp with her friends, she was thrilled. Today we see young men and women misbehaving anyhow, their dressing is indecsent, they are involved in immoral activities on a daily basis and not having initiation ceremonies to teach them how they are supposed to conduct themselves in society is one of the major contributors to the bad behaviour in our young men and women today, Ms Kaluba said. As I watched the more experienced ladies dance, tilting their waists independently of the rest of their bodies, I really did not think my body was capable of doing such. Her detailed description of the elements of the ritual, and her analysis of it in terms of the culture of matrilineal society, have made this a classic ethnographic and theoretical text. K u k u n a I m i s h i n o/ M a l e p e. For those who do not know, it is a process whereby a girl who is in her puberty stage gently pulls her inner labia outwards (away from her body) by applying force on them using special herbs I support young girls grounded in the home for 3 months after. You. 1. And also teach men how to please their wives, I like Phiris point of view, teaching men also to please their wives, then wives can also send tier husbands back!. train a girl child to perceive herself as dependent on other people, in particular men; and not as a full package It had just one window and the furniture had been shifted to the side. Dr Richards observed the entire chisungu or female . Oh yeah, this also reminds me of a culture where boys go to the mukanda and forcefully have the foreskins of their penises cut off ( example, Kakoma Kanganjas d*ck). But, when they travel overseas and sees white people copying the same things they, But, when they travel overseas and sees white people copying the same things they start re-copying the same things. Sex is part of life so someone needs to be taught how to deal with it. They want to know how sex feels after pulling. For most traditions in Zambia, this meant when a girl came of. For example, a Bemba may throw verbal abuses to a Nyanja, but this is done in jest for the most part. This was the consensus among Lusakas Jack compound residents who felt that it was time for parents to start remembering tradition and go back to the times when young men and women were taught how to be responsible and cultured in all areas of ones life. Why? Of these various ceremonies, the initiation ceremonies are of interest to this research because they represent the peak of traditional teaching for the female child and could affect negatively on the education of the girl (Rasing, 2001; Chondoka, 2001). This is the point that things may get out of hand and they may put themselves at risk of unintended pregnancies, HIV and other sexually transmitted infections., It is just an old womans tale which spread like a wild fire. Moreover its not just the people in the villages that need morals and responsibility but even those that are in urban areas and that is why it is important that the initiation ceremonies for young men and women are revived, she said. African female initiation ceremonies are rites of passage for girls entering womanhood, and are usually a public annoucement of the girl's eligibility for marriage. Isnt the message in this story confusing? Women said he was too backward. A small study (Kalunde, 1992) conducted among a sample of female Uni versity of Zambia students aged between 19 and 28 years revealed that 62 percent approved of the ceremony and more than 88 percent said they would adhere to the teachings given during the initiation ceremony. These ceremonies give strong moral guide. Furthermore, these cultural The paper concludes with two questions: 1. This makes the girls become s e x maniacs when they become women. Ms. Mambwe said the behaviour of young people depended on how they have been brought up in their homes and it was not right to conclude that lack of parental training was responsible for their actions. attributed only to that particular group of people. To address comments or complaints, please Contact us. achieve more, but also takes away her desire and motivation to exist as an independent human being who Anyone who belongs to that group is expected to adhere to and A Girl's Initiation Ceremony Among the Bemba of Zambia By Audrey Richards Copyright Year 2021 ISBN 9780367540944 Published March 29, 2021 by Routledge 226 Pages FREE Standard Shipping Format Quantity SAVE $ 4.40 was $22.00 USD $17.60 Add to Cart Add to Wish List Prices & shipping based on shipping country March. Lets move on! socialize a girl child to be subordinate to her peers in that cultural set up. Development embodies progress; an element of learning from the The Rite of Birth is the first of the major African initiation rites and it involves initiating the infant into the world through a ritual and naming ceremony. Advertisement Mooba is the main dance of the Lenje ethnic group of Central Province of Zambia, performed since pre-colonial times. 2. Articles and commentaries that identify allAfrica.com as the publisher are produced or commissioned by AllAfrica. A revival of interest in primitive religion has been one of the The main tribes in Zambia are Bemba, Nagoni, Lozi, Chewa, Chokwe, Lunda, Luvale, Tonga, and Tumbuka. [15], an initiative of Forum for African Women Educationist of Zambia (FAWEZA), was one . The Chisungu can be divided into a period of seclusion and a period of instruction. In short, this It was cramped with women of different ages, from old senior teachers to recently married matrons, and of course a handful of fellow students. From the way things sounded, this is the key to a successful marriage, but during our chats the women never quite revealed what is actually taught during these mysterious ceremonies. General News Bring back female initiation ceremonies, says Jack compound residents THERE is need to intensify female initiation ceremonies if Zambian culture is to be upheld in the face of. Yao dance commonly performed during initiation ceremonies and Nakanga: Guardian, senior counsellor in-charge of initiation camp, looks after the well being of the initiates' day to day life. When a man and women are married the man goes to live with the wife's family and so generations are traced in a matrilineal fashion, as opposed to the patrilineal lineages in the area. This is a school just like the Western schools you have gotten used to mwebantu. Dr Peter Magubane Drumming at a chinamwali session. What does this mean. in reporting their experiences interviewing women in tete, central mozambique, brigitte bagnol and esmeralda mariano, french and mozambican women anthropologists, respectively, wrote that there. Women's Initiation in Zambia: Dancing in Bed. Take for instance tattoos, hair-plaiting in different patterns, food, dressing (but, not complexion changing), including the cultural part of sex and love-making, etc. The new library at Chipeptwete is seeing around 40 children and teachers using it each day after school. female initiation ceremonies) that systematically Female initiation rites appear to be at odds with westernized urban society in present-day Zambia. Girls Initiation Ceremony Among The Bemba Of Zambiacreate and maintain - or transform - a society's cultural identity and social relations. The Chinsungu is one of the most important ceremony for the Bemba. The Nkoya annual ceremony is considered Zambia's oldest traditional ceremony having been celebrated by the Nkoya people for over 500 years. Bemba art differs in many ways from the methods used in the surrounding areas. These teachings are useless and they do not teach young girls anything productive atase! Ifa's initiation into Yoruba culture is based on knowledge. Move on! While culture and traditions are designed to preserve peoples identity, Elongation of the Labia Minora Is A Violation of womens bodily autonomy. African female initiation ceremonies are rites of passage for girls entering womanhood, and are usually a public annoucement of the girl's eligibility for marriage. other countries dont teach this rubbish but they have survived and done well in the global society. To cut the story short, it was women themselves who lambasted Mr Chibanda (I hope the man is still living) he was almost getting fired from UNIP and Its Government. During the ceremony, female Chilombola initiators, traditionally teach sex skills to girls as young as 12. . Psychology and the Occult Page 1/4 Girls' initiation ceremonies have favorably been observed among Zambian rural communities and seemingly considered to be major obstacle to the advancement of rural girls' education. RITE OF BIRTH. Girls initiation ceremonies are an important aspect of the Zambian culture and traditions, and Culture is a moral principal upon which a society stand. then we have men built with character! She added that initiation ceremonies worked well in the old days and could still work out well even in the modern world. Without any further introduction, the drums started beating and the women burst out in song. I was very young when once upon a time a certain minister called Mr Chibanda, on telly or some other media (but,definitely tv- I stand to be corrected) was trying to propagate and encourage every Zambian about girl initiation ceremony. The girls as young as twelve would be kept in confinement and taught how to sleep with men! AllAfrica is a voice of, by and about Africa - aggregating, producing and distributing 600 news and information items daily from over 100 African news organizations and our own reporters to an African and global public. I support culture all the way. Rebecca Kaluba, a resident of Jack compound, said that there was need for parents to start supporting initiation ceremonies because they would help mould their children into responsible and cultured people. If you do not know how to please you husband in bed, he might just end up going to a prostitute, she puts it plainly. NO WONDER SO MANY DIE OF AIDS THAT SIDE. While there have been a number of descriptions and interpretations of boys' initiation rituals, Audrey Richards's classic study of initiation rites among the Bemba remains one of the few studies to deal in detail with the initiation of girls into adult life. Being one person, being able to give my clients personalized quality service. When sex is taught to you by your friends like we are doing nowadays, you end up with STDs. Girls initiation in the context of an urban Roman Catholic community on the Zambian Copperbelt, and then in 2001 on the female initiation rites in Urban Zambia. They need to teach women things like this in America. Moreover its not just the people in the villages that need morals and responsibility but even those that are in urban areas and that is why it is important that the initiation ceremonies for young men and women are revived, she said. Looking back, even though my leg muscles tell a different story, I would never want to have missed this. About 15 years ago. initiation ceremonies were held when a males and females reached puberty. Violence against women is perpetuated by cultural orientation; initiation ceremonies and payment of bride price which makes These numbers were lower during a week of initiation ceremonies in which some of the young teenage girls we know were subject to violence and sexual exploitation. THERE is need to intensify female initiation ceremonies if Zambian culture is to be upheld in the face of decaying moral values in Zambia. Nyau dancer. Yes, you should know where, what and what are things for from a biological point of view. They hardly teach sex in some cultures at that stage but the girl gets cautioned that if she slept with a man she could then conceive! Chisungu: A Girl's Initiation Ceremony Among the Bemba of Zambia (Routledge Classics) 1st Edition by Audrey Richards (Author) 5 ratings Paperback $5.82 - $58.95 17 Used from $1.84 5 New from $53.02 1 Collectible from $25.00 There is a newer edition of this item: Nearly every culture in the world ritualizes the important milestones throughout life. We should do more of this. She is also taught that she had then become a woman and must start conducting in a mature way and in such cases in old times even the dressing was changes at home,she could have a chitenge to wrap around her. Cutting this, or pulling that never improved anyones health, Initiation ceremonies literally teaches UNDERAGED girls how to grind their waist and moan in bed. There could be many reasons for this. This book demonstrates how cultural traditions can militate against the education of women in Zambia with a focus on the Tumbuka tribe. In anticipation of their adult status as wives and mothers, Bantwane female initiates shave their heads in emulation of the 'bicycle seat' hairstyles associated with mature women. I see more maturity in myself. They take with them all their cultural heritages wherever they go. Although rituals of women's initiation resemble in numerous ways those celebrated for men, there are also highly significant differences that reflect the biological and more importantly the social distinctions between men and women. The ceremonies are designed to position girls to a social environment where they are prepared to portray desirable cultural norms, values and expectations of that society and to shoulder roles and responsibilities devolved on adults. traditional practices conducted for girls at puberty (e.g. * This article first appeared on the Street News Service, Wow! The paper questions these cultural and After making sure the door was shut, there was nobody peeking through the window, and stressing this is only for the bedroom, this is only for your husband, one of the matrons started giving a detailed demonstration of how all the moves we had learned are used in context. past and striving to make things better for the future.
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